Company Name: | Pye Ltd Radio & Television | ||
(Formerly Pye Radio Ltd, W.G. Pye Ltd) | |||
Pye Group Division: | Consumer Products, Radio, TV & Domestic Appliances | ||
Site Location(s): | |||
First/Last Address: | St. Andrews Road, Cambridge CB4 1DS | ||
Date Formed/Acquired: | Origins date back to the original instrument company founded by Mr. W. G. Pye: | ||
W.G. Pye & Co. Ltd formed 1896 | |||
Pye Radio Ltd formed 12 Feb 1929 | |||
Pye Ltd formed 27 Jul 1937 | |||
Also traded as Invicta Radio Ltd for a period from 31 Dec 1977 | |||
Date Merged/Sold/Closed: | Pye Ltd ceased trading circa 1973 after activity taken over by Philips Electronic Industries UK Ltd | ||
Pye Ltd dissolved 09 Dec 2008 (Companies House) | |||
Field of Activity: | Manufacturers and suppliers of domestic electronic and electrical products using the brand names Pye, PAM, Pamphonic, Invicta Radio, L. G. Hawkins brand names and later using EKCO, Dynatron and EKCO-Hawkins. | ||
Markets/Customers Served: | Consumer electronics and electrical equipment in the UK and export markets. | ||
Products/Services Supplied: | Domestic radio and television receivers | ||
record players | |||
audio products | |||
domestic appliances | |||
Key or Milestone Products: | 1923: | First 2, 3 and 4 valve radios | |
1927: | First ‘rising sun’ motif radio | ||
1928: | Pye 25 one of the first portable radios | ||
1930: | Twin triple Q and MM portable radios for battery, AC mains or DC mains | ||
1937: | Baby Q portable | ||
1946: | B16T 9" table model TV | ||
1948: | B18T 9" TV with EHT generated by line flyback rather than mains transformer | ||
1953: | V4 14" TV with automatic picture control to control black level | ||
1953: | Black Box record player (made under licence from CBS) | ||
1954: | VT4T Tuneable version of the V4 | ||
1955: | V14 notorious for poor quality and damaged Pye’s reputation for some years | ||
1956: | First British transistor radio launched under the PAM brand name PAM 710 | ||
Subsidiaries/Divisions/Departments: | Pye Ltd traded using the brand names: - | ||
Pye | |||
Pam | |||
Pamphonic | |||
Invicta Radio | |||
EKCO | |||
Dynatron | |||
E.G. Hawkins | |||
EKCO-Hawkins | |||
Subsidiaries: - | |||
Pye Radio Ltd | Domestic radio & TV receivers | ||
Pye Ltd Sales Division (Home & Export) | Main sales operation for consumer products | ||
Corran Works Ltd | Production of domestic radio & TV receivers in Ireland | ||
Invicta Radio Ltd | Domestic radio & TV receivers | ||
Woodcraft Production (Cambridge) Ltd | Radio, TV & audio cabinets | ||
L. G. Hawkins & Co Ltd | Domestic electrical appliances etc | ||
Pam (Radio & Television) Ltd | Domestic radio & TV receivers | ||
TV Manufacturing Ltd Lowestoft | TV receivers | ||
UTM Ltd | TV rentals | ||
United Rentals Ltd | TV rentals | ||
Dynatron Radio Ltd | Premium brand radio, TV, audio equipment | ||
United Television Manufacturers | Servicing of Pye Group radio & TVs | ||
Radio & T.V. Services Ltd | Servicing of Pye Group radio & TVs | ||
Combined Electronic Services | Servicing of Philips/Pye Group radio & TVs | ||
Pye Ltd/Ekco Heating & Appliance Division | Domestic and industrial heating appliances | ||
Gibbard Rentals | TV rentals | ||
Company Statistics: | Annual Sales Turnover: | To Follow | |
Profit before tax etc | To Follow | ||
Total Employees: | To Follow | ||
Employees at this location: | To Follow | ||
Other Info | To Follow | ||
Known Managerial Staff: | Tom A.W. Robinson (Joint Managing Director 1929 to 1937 responsible for Production) | ||
R Millward Ellis (Joint Managing Director 1929 to ? responsible for Sales) | |||
C. O. Stanley (Joint Managing Director from 1933, later Chairman until 1966) | |||
Baden J Edwards (head of TV Development 1934 later to become Technical Director) | |||
Dr Ladislav Lax (Pye Research Laboratories 1950s) | |||
Laurie Jones (Production manager 1930s) | |||
Key Achievements or Milestones: | 1948: | First TV in the world with EHT generated by line flyback rather than mains transformer | |
(Subsequently became the standard technique used by all other manufacturers) | |||
1948: | Demonstrated first working colour TV | ||
1949: | Sold complete monochrome TV studio to CBS of USA | ||
1953: | Pye colour TV used at Queen Elizabeth II’s coronation | ||
1955: | First UK licencee of Bell Labs to manufacture the transistor | ||
1956: | First British transistor radio marketed under the ‘Pam’ brand name | ||
Other Information: | |||
Company Time Line: | 1896: | A part-time business making scientific instruments was founded in Cambridge by William George Pye (an employee of the Cavendish Laboratory), which became W. G. Pye and Co. Ltd. The company was initially set up in a garden shed at 19 Humberstone Road. | |
1897: | Moved to 30 St Andrews Road and in 1899 moved to Mill Lane (Granta Works). | ||
1913: | Moved to Cam Road/Haig Road - 40 employees making lab equipment for students used for teaching and research. World War 2 increased demand for such instruments and the War Office needed experimental thermionic valves. The manufacture of these components afforded the company the technical knowledge that it needed to later develop the first wireless receiver when the BBC began broadcasts 1922. | ||
1928: | Pye Radio Ltd was formed by Charles Orr Stanley to acquire the radio branch of the business from W. G. Pye & Co and separated from the instrument business. | ||
1932: | A TV department set up by Peter Goldmark who 18 months later moved to RCA in America later and is credited with inventing the LP record | ||
1934: | B J Edwards appointed head of TV development | ||
1935: | Cathodeon Ltd set up to produce valves and cathode ray tubes | ||
1935: | Collaborated with Ever Ready to design and manufacture radio receivers. | ||
1936: | Marketed a 9 inch set when the BBC first broadcast in 1936. | ||
1937: | A 5-inch Pye television receiver was priced at 21 guineas and within two years the company had sold 2,000 sets at an average price of £34. | ||
1937: | The new EF50 valve from Philips, enabled Pye to build a high gain 45MHz fringe reception receiver, a Tuned Radio Frequency (TRF) type not a Superhet type. | ||
1937: | Pye Radio Ltd renamed Pye Ltd and C O Stanley took over management of the business | ||
1945: | After the war, Pye | ||
1949: | Pye claimed to be \"The largest TV manufacturer in Britain\". | ||
1949: | Pye Ltd acquires 51% of Pamphonic Reproducers Ltd and provided further cash for operations. | ||
1951: | Oulton Works, Lowestoft opened and progressively took on all PYE TV manufacture | ||
1954: | Pye’s V4 tunable television was launched in March. | ||
1955: | Pye acquired remaining 49% of Pamphonic | ||
1956: | PAM (Radio and Television) Ltd formed to provide transistors and circuit boards | ||
1956: | Pye developed the first British transistor. Pye first used transistors in a product sold as a subsidiary brand: the Pam 710 radio, with the transistors from Newmarket Transistors (another Pye subsidiary). When the product proved acceptable the company launched the Pye 123 radio. Products such as these reversed the market decline. | ||
1960: | EKCO (founded by Eric Kirkham Cole) merged with Pye Group as British Electronic Industries; initially each company retained its own operations and management but by 1962 the new company had complete control of EKCO and was re-named Pye of Cambridge. | ||
1967: | After financial losses in 1965 and 1966 Philips obtained a 24% shareholding in the Pye Group. First colour TVs handmade in Lowestoft for display at Wimbledon | ||
1976: | Philips now owned 51.7 percent of Pye. It absorbed the Pye consumer businesses (i.e. radio, television and domestic appliances) and agreed with the British Government that Pye would concentrate on professional/industrial electronics markets. | ||
19??: | The Lowestoft factory was subsequently sold to Sanyo for the manufacture of television sets after Philips moved the manufacture of Pye televisions to Singapore. | ||
19??: | The EKCO Southend factory was sold to Lloyds bank to house the ACCESS credit card company. | ||
Document Sources: | 1. | The Setmakers - A History of the Radio and Television Industry, Keith Geddes in collaboration with Gordon Bussey, ISBN 0 9517042 0 6 | |
2. | Radio Man The remarkable rise and fall of C.O. Stanley, Mark Frankland, ISBN 0 85296 203 7 | ||
3. | The Story of Pye Wireless, Gordon Bussey, booklet published by Pye Ltd and Gordon Bussey in 1979 to celebrate the 50th Anniversary of the formation of Pye Radio Ltd | ||
4. | Discussions with Mike Kemp | ||
5. | Communication with Geoffrey Griffiths, ex Newmarket Transisitors | ||
6.. | http://new.tvhistory.tv | ||
7. | http://www.pamphonic.co.uk | ||
8. | Pye History Trust Archives | ||
Document version: | v1 | compiled by R N Bates (7th April 2014) | |
v2 | compiled by R N Bates 28th June 2014 | ||
v3 | compiled by R N Bates 29th June 2014 | ||
v4 | mod rjh1 july 2014 | ||
v5 | updated by R N Bates 2nd July 2014 | ||
v6 | updated by R N Bates 7th August 2014 | ||
v7 | updated by RJ Howes 28 June 2015 | ||
v8 | 3 July 2015 modified by RJH for web site use |